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Magnet-ABC
Anisotropic magnetic foil: This magnetic foil quality is magnetic on both sides. One side adheres slightly stronger than the other side. Here, too, the adhesive force varies depending on the thickness of the foil, but it is inherently more magnetized than an isotropic foil of comparable thickness. It is available from the factory only in a raw version. On request, one side can of course be equipped with PVC or adhesive foil.
Physical term: "unequal in structure with respect to spatial directions." This means that a strong magnetic field is applied during production and thus a device of the elementary magnets is achieved. In the later magnetization with field direction in device axis, better results are obtained for the magnetic values than in other spatial directions.
Semi-anisotropic magnetic foil: Compared to the anisotropic magnetic foil, this magnetic foil quality is characterized by an increased adhesive force. Attention dear physicists, semi-anisotropic is only a marketing term used by manufacturers, not a physical term.
Isotropic magnetic foil: This magnetic foil quality is magnetic on one side. Its holding power depends on the material thickness of the foil - the thicker, the stronger. It is recommended for most applications. It is available from the factory in a raw version or welded on one side with PVC or PET film.
Physical term: "Equal in structure with respect to spatial directions." For magnets, this means that none of the spatial directions is preferred when magnetized in the direction of a particular axis.
Air gap: Distance between a magnet and the contact surface of the desired power, e.g. a FERRO iron foil. Plastics, lacquers and foils, for example, which are located between the magnet and the magnetic substrate also act as an air gap. Basically, the larger an air gap becomes, the lower the holding force of a magnet.
Operating temperature: Temperature up to which magnets can be used. Please observe the respective temperature specifications for the maximum application temperature. In general, the adhesive force of the systems is reduced with higher or lower temperature. If the specified temperature is exceeded, this will affect plastics, adhesives and possibly the magnetic values.
Adhesive force: The adhesive forces of the magnet systems have been determined at room temperature on a polished plate of steel (S235JR according to DIN 10 025) with a thickness of 10 mm with the magnet pulled off vertically (1 kg ~ 10 N). A deviation of up to -10% from the specified value is possible in exceptional cases. In general, the value is exceeded.
Magnetizing: Only ferromagnetic substances can be used to make magnets. Ferromagnetic materials? This includes the elements iron, nickel and cobalt. In these there are "mini magnets", which are also called elementary magnets. Magnetization is then achieved by aligning the elementary magnet regions by applying an external magnetic field.
Demagnetization: Electromagnetic fields or even very strong magnetic fields, such as those of NdFeB magnets, as well as temperatures that are too high or too low can demagnetize the magnets. It should also be noted that magnetic materials are generally sensitive to impact and pressure.
Magnetic materials
Hard Ferrite Magnets
Medium operating temperature
(approx. 200°C)
Lowest adhesive force
Magnets from NdFeB
Low operating temperature
(approx. 80°C)
Highest adhesive force
Magnets from SmCo
Medium operating temperature
(approx. 200°C)
Relatively high adhesive force
Magnets from AlNiCo
Very high operating temperature
(approx. 450°C)
Medium adhesive force
Magnetic and magnetic adhesive the difference
Magnetic
Magnets and magnetic foils are permanently magnetic (permanent magnets) and adhere excellently to our FERRO products, for example.
Magnetic adhesive
Ferrous materials are magnetic and serve as an adhesive base for magnets or magnetic foils (a magnet holds on them).
Magnetization types
Diametrically magnetized
Axially magnetized
Axially sector magnetized
Double pole magnetized
Magnetized in height
Stripe magnetized
Physical terminology
Remanence: The remanence is the induction (flux density) remaining in a ferromagnetic material after the magnetizing field has been switched off. The numerical value of the remanence applies to the case of the closed circuit (H = 0) as a material constant and is called "true remanence" (Br ). In the open magnetic circuit, Br decreases to the value of the "apparent remanence" Br .
Flow density (B): Like H, it describes the strength of the magnetic field. While B and H outside magnetizable matter differ only by a constant factor, B inside such materials takes into account the influence of magnetization.
Coercivity: A distinction is made between the coercivity BHc of the flux density and the coercivity IHc of the polarization. The coercivity BHc is defined (for the closed magnetic circuit case) as the demagnetizing field strength necessary for the flux density B to disappear. The coercivity IHc is the demagnetizing field strength at which the polarization I becomes zero. Thus, when IHc is applied, a body becomes non-magnetic. Magnetic in practical usage are all materials with noticeably large permeability, especially iron, nickel, cobalt and their alloys. Non-magnetic are all other materials (brass, copper, wood, stone, etc.).